9.3.2 Language and communication

The basic role of an external language is to structure (organize) a finite amount of semantic information which is meant to be transmitted from an IPS to another, in order to mediate the communication process. However, we have seen that a transfer of an amount from one location to another is considered as a flux, the language is therefore, nothing else but an organization form of an information flux (IF). Since we are talking about a flux, we must establish right from the start, what its source is (emitter IPS) and what its destination is, namely, a receiver IPS. The semantic structure of an IF⁷5 issued by the objectual philosophy is made-up from the following fundamental classes of abstract components:

1. Objects, represented in the natural language by the object_name (nouns) and their substitutes (for example, the pronouns), with all their flectional forms;

2. Processes, represented by the process_name (verbs), with their flectional forms as well;

3. Determinants, which includes all the other syntactic components of the language (adjectives, numerals, articles, conjunctions, prepositions etc.); the role of these determinants is even to increase the determination degree (information amount) of the objects and processes contained into IF (the sent message).

The objects, processes and a part of the determinants are represented by names, and so as we have found out in the previous section, there are external abstract objects with a low syntactic value, which substitute (represent) semantic information heaps. In this way, large semantic information amounts can be sent through a low-intensity information flux (which effectively carries only the syntactic information).

The most simple information system with a complete semantic and context-free value meant to be sent to an addressee, which is made-up from objects belonging to the three fundamental classes, is the sentence. The compulsory elements (minimal) of a sentence are an object_name (subject, a noun or its substitute) and a process_name (predicate, a verb).

In chapter 7 we have seen what are the meanings of the action, interaction and what are the objects involved in these processes - agent object and driven object - even when we are dealing with the informational action or interaction. When a message exchange (IF) takes place between two or more IPS, it is clear that these fluxes are able to produce actions (on the flux’s IPS receiver), if that IPS is permeable to the syntactic and semantic value of the message, namely, the receiver IPS perceives ISS (the constitutive objects of the incident IF) and accurately understands their associated semantic content (it knows the language and is able to recall the message’s semantic value).

By using the specific terms of this paper, the IF agent source is the agent object, that is the message emitter; the IF addressee is the information-driven object, whose state (first an internal and then, an external state) shall be modified as a result of the IF action. According to the natural language, this transmitting process of a semantic information amount between two or more IPS is named communication. One may distinguish two types of communication: unilateral (carried out in one way, from the emitter to the receiver, that is an information action process), and bilateral communication (carried out in both ways, that is an information interaction process).

The message content (its semantic value) is also focused on objects and processes, both the agent and driven objects being found in this case, that is, actions and interactions. However, a line must be clearly drawn between the objects and the processes involved in the communication process and the objects and processes involved (contained) in the submitted message.

The objects which are part of the communication are only the issuer (or issuers) and the addressee (or the addressees), whereas the objects involved in the message content are much more varied. Also, the unique external process of IPS involved in communication is the information transfer⁷6 (flux), whereas the processes included into the message are far more varied. Another significant property of the objects and processes involved in communication is the fact that they are real (also known as real-time unfolded), and the objects and processes from the message are clearly abstract and they are comprised in ISS which represents the information flux.

Within the natural language, the specification of one or more emitters (for instance, a chorus or an organization), of one or more addressees, is made by using either the singular or the plural. The emitter or the emitters are included in the first person category (singular and plural) and the addressee or the addressees are included in the second person category.

Comment 9.3.2.1: If the reader reminds what it was depicted in chapter 3, namely that the singular object and the set of objects cannot be mixed up in the present paper (the void set or the single-element set are not allowed when we are dealing with objects), now, he will probably better understand the reason for this restriction, because the singular cannot be mistaken with the plural either within the natural language. According to the objectual philosophy, the concept of set of objects is only applicable to more than two elements (systemic set) just as it is the plural meaning within the natural language. Another observation which can be done is that in case of the human IPS of external relations (the somatic nervous system), it is possible that the emitter and the receiver of the information flux to be the same (also the first person), in the process of thought under a natural language. In this case, there is no need for the conversion of the internal ISS into external ISS (vocal or visual), the information flux being able to re-circulate inside IPS.

The abstract objects which are involved in the abstract processes contained into the message can be singular as well (that is at singular) or multiple (that is at plural), at the first, second or third persons. The abstract objects included in the message content may be either agent objects and/or driven objects (by means of the abstract processes). Also, the abstract processes contained into the message may belong to all the categories mentioned in chapter 4 (singular, multiple, individual or collective) and they aim to all the attribute types which may be part of the driven abstract objects.

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INDEX

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