8.3 The principle of the material systems existence

We have noticed in the chapter focused on the general model of MS that these systems are characterized by a triad of the fluxes, made-up from input, output fluxes, as well as fluxes stored inside RBS of MS. By considering these three basic flux types, we have seen that the stored fluxes, as well as the ones which are generated by the stored fluxes (output fluxes) would not be able to exist without MS. On the other hand, the stored fluxes are permanently kept inside RBS (they are confined into this surface) so that they produce no effect (action) into the external medium.

Unlike the stored fluxes, the efferent fluxes (composed from the emergent fluxes and the ones reflected by RBS) are open fluxes which may have an impact on MS with whom it intersects to, fluxes which would not be able to exist in the absence of the source MS. A special type of MS which shall be temporarily referred to (only for the beginning) as receiver MS, able to capture a part of these fluxes and to establish the spatial position of their source, will also be able to perform an extremely significant operation - that is the attestation (validation, establishing) of the informational existence (with its synonym - subjective existence) of the sender MS placed on that position.

The principle of (subjective) MS existence: A source MS exist for a receiver MS, if that particular MS is able to determine the intensity and direction of an efferent flux from the source MS.

Comment 8.3.1: We have seen in the introductory section of this chapter that the natural abiotic MS are not able to distinguish the direction where the incident fluxes are coming from, this kind of system always moving towards the direction of the unique resultant of these fluxes. Only this resultant is valid for such systems, whose direction does not usually match to the direction of a real object. The term of informational existence is in many ways similar to the subjective existence from the traditional philosophy, but in this context, it explicitly underlines the necessity of an IPS for its attestation. The existence principle which is mentioned herein may be disputed by the traditional philosophers who claim the objective existence of a material object, regardless of our knowledge degree. The objectual philosophy does not dispute this possible existence either, but it considers it only as a virtual, imaginary object, belonging to the absolute reality, which shall be approached in chapter 9; however, the existence of a real object, which is able to cause us a joy or a trouble, will be established only after it has been experimentally validated (through the perception of an efferent material flux belonging to the object) by our IPS (the human nervous system), and under the possible estimation limits of the lifespan of that particular object. When we shall be dealing with the term existence, later on, in this paper, it must be understood that it exclusively refers to the informational (subjective) existence which is valid only for an IPS, or for a system made-up from IPS.

By taking into account the finding that the fluxes which are efferent to a MS would not be able to exist without the prior existence of the stored fluxes, therefore, of the entire MS, by capturing a part from these efferent fluxes, the existence of a flux source can be validated. It is also very important that this validation to be done in a remote location, far from the source system, because the concept of flux means (as we have seen in chapter 5) the transport of an amount from a zone in space towards another zone. We have also seen in the same chapter that there are more flux types, therefore, the efferent fluxes from a MS must comply with the same rules.

Definition 8.3.1: The amount carried by a specific flux type, that is efferent to a source MS, represents a transmissible property of the source MS.

Comment 8.3.2: The definition 8.3.1 must be carefully interpreted because it may lead the reader to a wrong conclusions. For example, the photons reflected by an object (for example, a building) make-up a flux which carries to our visual organ more properties which belong to this flux: color, intensity, direction etc. Many of these properties belong not to the aimed object but to the effective photon source (the light source where the photons are coming from), such as the initial color (the frequency distribution of the incident flux) and the luminous intensity. The direction of the photons which are reflected by the object and the color of its surface are properties which however belong exclusively to the aimed object. The selective properties of the object’s RBS determine that only specific sections from the photon flux to be reflected, so that an additional identification method of the properties of the reflecting object must also exist, and these properties are thus becoming transmissible (but indirect).

Definition 8.3.2: The intensity of the efferent flux which is the carrier of a specific directly perceivable qualitative property, captured by the receiver MS, is named direct (synonym -primary) existential (quantitative) attribute of that particular property.

Comment 8.3.3: The definition 8.3.2 refers to most of the properties which are directly perceivable by the input units of IPS, such as the bio-systems characterized by the intensity of a sound, flavor, taste, radiated or reflected light, heat intensity etc., but there are also transmissible qualitative properties such as the color, size or position of an external object, whose existential attributes are not determined directly, from the intensity of the received fluxes, but by means of calculus, by processing the information contained into the derived distributions of the primary sensory distributions (see annex X.18). In case of these properties, it is not the flux intensity which is the main issue (which must be only perceivable), but the most relevant aspect is the positions of the intensity’s contrast elements (which shows the object’s boundary) against the inner reference of the sense organ.

The non-zero intensity of an efferent flux from a source MS is considered for the receiver MS as a “confirmation” of the existence of source MS, and as we are about to see next, in case that this intensity does not exceed a specific threshold (perception threshold of the receiving MS), then the source system does not exist for the receiver MS. This attribute (intensity of the efferent flux) is therefore considered, in case of the receiver MS, as an estimation method of the existence of that received property at the source MS, as well as an estimation of the object which owns it (that is why it is referred to as an existential attribute).

Definition 8.3.3: The qualitative properties of the efferent fluxes from a source MS (type of the transported amount, type of its primary distribution etc.) represent direct (synonym - primary) qualitative attributes of that particular MS.

Comment 8.3.4: As we have already underlined in the comment 8.3.3, besides the direct attributes which are both quantitative and qualitative, there are also indirect attributes, assessed by means of an upper-rank information processing. If the primary attributes are related to the properties owned by the primary distributions of the fluxes emerging from objects, the indirect attributes (secondary, derived) are determined by the properties of the derived distributions (temporal, spatial or frequency) of the primary distributions.

The inherent habit of the people to associate properties to the directly perceived objects (through the sense organs) is based on the fact that each sensory organ is specialized (as I have previously mentioned) in receiving a specific flux type.

Comment 8.3.5: The more and more increased differentiation of the fluxes attributes takes place inside each sensory organ, each flux being either a space-temporal or a frequency-temporal distribution, the sensory organ is requested to analyze the distribution type by means of its decomposition into elements (with even distribution). For example, the photon fluxes from the visible domain are decomposed into frequency intervals which correspond to the basic shades (red, green, blue or R, G, B), by the specialized receivers (cones) from the retina, each interval with its existential attribute (flux intensity from that particular domain). Three cones, R, G, B which are spatially adjacent on the retina make-up a retina-sensitive element (a pixel) which is able to receive an elementary photon flux. In the fovea section, where the cones are mainly found, the effective area of a pixel is an elementary area, which cuts-off the possibility of revealing the spatial irregularities of the incident flux, this area will therefore receive an elementary photon flux. The spatial distribution of the elementary photon fluxes which are incident on the retina is point to point conformal with the spatial distribution of the flux point sources outside the eye (the appropriate transformation is made by the crystalline lens), and thus, we are dealing with a retina representation (an image) of a spatial distribution of a property belonging to the external object (visually speaking, its spatial configuration), alongside the properties of each source point (color, reflection degree etc.). For us, the most relevant aspect is to keep in mind that each property (quality) of an observed object is due to a specific flux type for which we have specialized sensors. We are about to see next that other qualitative properties of the real objects are also due to specific space-frequency-temporal distributions of the external fluxes which we are able to perceive them, if not under direct sensorial means, at least through some auxiliary means (such as the equipment used in the scientific research), which are means able to convert some of the fluxes which cannot be directly perceived into directly perceived fluxes.

Besides the type of the transported amount, the open fluxes have also specific properties which are common to all the fluxes - amount (modulus) and FDV direction. These last properties make a local characterization (in a specific spatial point) of the flux efferent to a MS, but since they are common to all the fluxes, they are also considered as a criterion for the evaluation of a generic property of the flux sources.

Definition 8.3.4: The direction and intensity of a flux from a point⁶0 with an established spatial position are considered as local properties of the flux in that particular point.

As we are about to see later on in this paper, the local properties of a flux (see the annex X.15) can be used for the determination of the spatial position of the flux source (provided that FDV direction to be invariant on the distance between source and receiver). In other words, these local properties are also some transmissible attributes of a generic property of all the flux sources - spatial position - of that source against the spatial position of the receiver MS (the reference).

Definition 8.3.5: The total amount of the invariant transmissible properties which are validated at a specific moment t_k, at a specific source MS, by a receiver MS, represents the information associated to the source MS by the receiver MS at a moment t_k.

Definition 8.3.6: The receiver material system, able to detect the efferent fluxes from a MS, as well as to validate (certify) their existence, to make a qualitative differentiation and able to associate them with a source MS, is named information processing system (IPS).

A vigilant and good-memory reader has been probably observing that the definition 8.3.5 shows constitutive elements of the generic definition for describing the object notion (presented in chapter 3). So it is, because the object is nothing else but a generic denomination for a finite and distinguishable amount of qualitative and quantitative information. Based on the same definition, there is an inseparable bond relation between the information notion and MS concept to whom that information belongs to. Consequently, the objectual philosophy makes the following assertion:

AXIOM IV (axiom of the information support): The information cannot exist in the absence of a material support (a MS) to whom it is related to.

Both the definitions 8.3.5, 8.3.6 and the axiom IV could be better understood by the reader later on, when the generic IPS model shall be presented, and moreover, after we shall analyze the basic functions of this kind of MS. For the time being, in order to draw up a general model, there are few particular types of information processing systems which need to be briefly analyzed.

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INDEX

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